
SCARS Institute’s Encyclopedia of Scams™ Published Continuously for 25 Years

Did you know that …
In order to arrest scammers, governments need to use everything available to them. Arresting criminals in sovereign countries can be difficult or impossible. So, Western Governments use a variety of laws and statutes as the basis to extradite criminals in every way possible.
Here is just one piece of that larger strategy.
There is a United States statute (FCPA) that criminalizes bribery of a foreign official for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business or an improper business advantage by inducing the foreign official to:
- Act or make a decision in his or her official capacity.
- Exercise influence to affect an act or decision of a government.
- Violate a lawful duty.
- Confer an improper advantage upon the payor of the bribe.
“Bribes” can include an offer or payment of “anything of value,” including, but not limited to, money, gifts, services, charitable donations, corporate hospitality and entertainment, the promise of future work or employment, or the award of a contract or business.
“Foreign officials” may include government employees, politicians holding elected office, candidates for elected office, employees of “public international organizations” (e.g., the United Nations), employees of a political party, employees of a company owned or controlled by a government, or an agent or consultant intermediary working on behalf of a foreign official.
Other anti-corruption laws may define foreign officials or foreign public officials more expansively.
This is one of the enforcement and extradition strategies that has been developed by SCARS for the U.S. Government to help apprehend the support personnel that enable scammers.
There is a similar law in the United Kingdom
This is a UK statute that is similar to the FCPA but with some key differences. Unlike some other anti-corruption laws, this UK law contains criminal offenses that apply to commercial bribery as well as to bribery involving public officials. Key offenses are summarized below.
- It is a crime to offer or pay bribes to any person in the public or private sectors. An offense can arise where someone offers any financial or other advantage with the intention that a person will perform their functions or an activity improperly (or, in other words, misuse their position) or as a reward for a person for doing so.
- Similarly, it is a crime to request or accept bribes. An offense can arise where someone requests or accepts any financial or other advantage with the intention that they will perform their functions or an activity improperly.
- These offenses can also be committed where the offer or request of a financial or other advantage is in itself improper (in other words, without anyone performing anything else improperly as a consequence).
There is also a separate offense of bribing a foreign public official, where a financial or other advantage is offered with the intention of influencing the official and of obtaining or retaining a business advantage.
Why is this important?
Because it allows law enforcement to arrest individuals who are involved in the scammer supply chain if they visit Western Countries when there is a suspicion of corruption in their countries between scammers and the government. For example – the scammer cartels use countless Mules and Runners that travel constantly.
It also allows for the potential extradition of scammers who are suspected of using bribery in their countries to avoid prosecution for the international online frauds they commit.
In these areas prosecutors and law enforcement look for every means available to close down scamming cartels. These are but a couple of the strategies being developed.
In the war on scammers, we need every advantage possible!
RSN Team
Miami Florida USA
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Important Information for New Scam Victims
- Please visit www.ScamVictimsSupport.org – a SCARS Website for New Scam Victims & Sextortion Victims
- Enroll in FREE SCARS Scam Survivor’s School now at www.SCARSeducation.org
- Please visit www.ScamPsychology.org – to more fully understand the psychological concepts involved in scams and scam victim recovery
If you are looking for local trauma counselors please visit counseling.AgainstScams.org or join SCARS for our counseling/therapy benefit: membership.AgainstScams.org
If you need to speak with someone now, you can dial 988 or find phone numbers for crisis hotlines all around the world here: www.opencounseling.com/suicide-hotlines
A Note About Labeling!
We often use the term ‘scam victim’ in our articles, but this is a convenience to help those searching for information in search engines like Google. It is just a convenience and has no deeper meaning. If you have come through such an experience, YOU are a Survivor! It was not your fault. You are not alone! Axios!
A Question of Trust
At the SCARS Institute, we invite you to do your own research on the topics we speak about and publish, Our team investigates the subject being discussed, especially when it comes to understanding the scam victims-survivors experience. You can do Google searches but in many cases, you will have to wade through scientific papers and studies. However, remember that biases and perspectives matter and influence the outcome. Regardless, we encourage you to explore these topics as thoroughly as you can for your own awareness.
Statement About Victim Blaming
SCARS Institute articles examine different aspects of the scam victim experience, as well as those who may have been secondary victims. This work focuses on understanding victimization through the science of victimology, including common psychological and behavioral responses. The purpose is to help victims and survivors understand why these crimes occurred, reduce shame and self-blame, strengthen recovery programs and victim opportunities, and lower the risk of future victimization.
At times, these discussions may sound uncomfortable, overwhelming, or may be mistaken for blame. They are not. Scam victims are never blamed. Our goal is to explain the mechanisms of deception and the human responses that scammers exploit, and the processes that occur after the scam ends, so victims can better understand what happened to them and why it felt convincing at the time, and what the path looks like going forward.
Articles that address the psychology, neurology, physiology, and other characteristics of scams and the victim experience recognize that all people share cognitive and emotional traits that can be manipulated under the right conditions. These characteristics are not flaws. They are normal human functions that criminals deliberately exploit. Victims typically have little awareness of these mechanisms while a scam is unfolding and a very limited ability to control them. Awareness often comes only after the harm has occurred.
By explaining these processes, these articles help victims make sense of their experiences, understand common post-scam reactions, and identify ways to protect themselves moving forward. This knowledge supports recovery by replacing confusion and self-blame with clarity, context, and self-compassion.
Additional educational material on these topics is available at ScamPsychology.org – ScamsNOW.com and other SCARS Institute websites.
Psychology Disclaimer:
All articles about psychology and the human brain on this website are for information & education only
The information provided in this article is intended for educational and self-help purposes only and should not be construed as a substitute for professional therapy or counseling.
While any self-help techniques outlined herein may be beneficial for scam victims seeking to recover from their experience and move towards recovery, it is important to consult with a qualified mental health professional before initiating any course of action. Each individual’s experience and needs are unique, and what works for one person may not be suitable for another.
Additionally, any approach may not be appropriate for individuals with certain pre-existing mental health conditions or trauma histories. It is advisable to seek guidance from a licensed therapist or counselor who can provide personalized support, guidance, and treatment tailored to your specific needs.
If you are experiencing significant distress or emotional difficulties related to a scam or other traumatic event, please consult your doctor or mental health provider for appropriate care and support.
Also read our SCARS Institute Statement about Professional Care for Scam Victims – click here to go to our ScamsNOW.com website.








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